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from Maven@lemmy.zip to science_memes@mander.xyz on 28 Aug 2024 14:11
https://lemmy.zip/post/21733894

#science_memes

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Hobbes_Dent@lemmy.world on 28 Aug 2024 14:16 next collapse

I observe what you did there.

propter_hog@hexbear.net on 28 Aug 2024 14:36 next collapse

<img alt="" src="https://hexbear.net/pictrs/image/6942a5a3-fba3-48ec-9df9-5485acf7235e.gif">

aeronmelon@lemmy.world on 28 Aug 2024 14:39 next collapse

“Greg, we got an order for a lot of unobserved results. Take the rest of the week off.”

jerakor@startrek.website on 28 Aug 2024 14:54 next collapse

2060 job posting, Quantum Stability Engineer.

rebelsimile@sh.itjust.works on 28 Aug 2024 15:34 next collapse

could a record like this be used as a presence detector? Like if there was any observer who collapsed the wave function then we’d get the collapsed lines in the log, otherwise it would have indicated no observers? (obviously even what the hell is an ‘observer’ anyway?)

Rhaedas@fedia.io on 28 Aug 2024 15:45 next collapse

A log is an observance itself. Any measurement changes the state.

rebelsimile@sh.itjust.works on 28 Aug 2024 15:46 collapse

How is the unobserved state ever known about, then?

CluckN@lemmy.world on 28 Aug 2024 17:24 next collapse

They say, “I’m not peeking” but cross their fingers behind their back.

MrPoopbutt@lemmy.world on 28 Aug 2024 17:35 next collapse

You observe the result, not the experiment while it is running.

ulterno@lemmy.kde.social on 29 Aug 2024 07:42 next collapse

It is “guessed” using whatever mathematical model that matches the system.

Of course, if our whole theory is wrong, then the guess will be wrong and we won’t know unless some condition arises where the predicted result and the observed result are different.

cynar@lemmy.world on 29 Aug 2024 15:43 collapse

We can observe the end result. E.g. observing the screen only, and you get wavelike behaviour. When you also observe the slit, the wavelike behaviour disappears, and it seems particle like.

Both end in an observation, 1 has an extra observation.

rebelsimile@sh.itjust.works on 29 Aug 2024 15:55 collapse

yeah so if I looked at a log of all that, wouldn’t I have a “extra observer” detector, then?

cynar@lemmy.world on 29 Aug 2024 18:16 collapse

You could detect decoherence in the system, that doesn’t indicate a human observer, however.

That process is, however, used to protect cryptographic keys, transfered between banks. A hostile observer collapses the state early. The observer gets the key instead of the 2nd bank, which is extremely conspicuous to both banks.

DragonTypeWyvern@midwest.social on 28 Aug 2024 18:15 next collapse

Yes. Trust me, am science guy.

cynar@lemmy.world on 28 Aug 2024 21:07 next collapse

Observer here doesn’t mean the same as the layman meaning. It’s anything that interacts with the system while it’s developing.

Interestingly, it actually can be used for a presence detector, at least in a sense. You can use it to transfer cryptographic information. If no-one is listening in, about half your sent numbers are wrong, but you can agree on what ones. However, if someone is listening in, all your data gets randomised.

They actually now use this system to transfer information between banks. They send a random stream of 0s and 1s over a fibre optic cable. They then send (semi publicly) which bits made it properly. If someone spliced into the fibre, they would get the encryption data, but the target bank would not! They know instantly that something is wrong.

jlh@lemmy.jlh.name on 29 Aug 2024 04:53 collapse

Yes. This is how motion detectors work. Normally, motion detectors have an IR emitter that acts as a particle, but when someone walks by, the IR emitter works as a wave, triggering the motion detector.

Notably, this doesn’t work with dogs, as they have no souls.

pumpkinseedoil@mander.xyz on 29 Aug 2024 10:27 collapse

Notably, this doesn’t work with dogs, as they have no souls.

Which kind of motion detectors? The ones I know work on everything that’s moving, including my cats (don’t have dogs) or even just throwing something past it

jlh@lemmy.jlh.name on 29 Aug 2024 12:38 collapse

Oh, you might have one of the newer ones that use interferometry to detect soulless entities.

samus12345@lemmy.world on 28 Aug 2024 16:04 next collapse

<img alt="" src="https://media.tenor.com/v3g7aQJt4qQAAAAe/changes-changed.png">

Etterra@lemmy.world on 28 Aug 2024 17:47 next collapse

Okay so what if you sat in a swivel chair and spun around in circles next to it.

cynar@lemmy.world on 28 Aug 2024 18:48 next collapse

For those confused, it’s worth noting the difference between observed as a layman concept and as a quantum mechanical one.

In QM, to observed is to couple the observer to the “system” being observed. Think of it like “observing” your neighbour, over a fence using a BB gun. When you hit flesh, you know where your neighbour is. Unfortunately, the system has now been fundamentally changed. In a classical system, you could turn down the power, until your neighbour doesn’t notice the hits. Unfortunately, QM imposes fundamental limits on your measurements (heisenburg and his uncertainty principal). In order to observe your neighbour accurately, you need to hit them hard enough that the will also feel it and react differently.

QM behaves in a similar way. Initially, the system is just a single particle, and is not very restrained. This allows it to behave in a very wave like manner. When you observe it, the system now includes the whole observation system, as this coupling propagates, more and more atoms etc get linked. The various restraints cause an effect called decoherence. The system behaves ever more like a classical physical system.

In short, a quantum mechanical “observer” is less sneaky watching, and more hosing down with a machine gun and watching the ricochets.

DumbAceDragon@sh.itjust.works on 28 Aug 2024 19:53 next collapse

Thank you for the explanation! Almost got into an argument a while back because someone was conflating the layman definition with the QM definition as proof of some kinda metaphysical effect of the human consciousness.

NewNewAccount@lemmy.world on 28 Aug 2024 20:03 next collapse

Thanks! I’ve never fully grasped the concept and this really helps.

I’ve always heard it that observing was actually “measuring” and still wasn’t sure why that would impact anything but chalked it up to the quantum world being other-worldly.

Theharpyeagle@lemmy.world on 29 Aug 2024 06:10 next collapse

To be honest I still chalk it up to that.

Wirlocke@lemmy.blahaj.zone on 29 Aug 2024 08:31 collapse

Honestly physicists don’t actually know what measuring is either. We don’t know when exactly the system is considered “measured” in the chain of entanglement, this is called the Measurement Problem.

Answers range from “shut up don’t think about it” to “there’s an infinite amount of universes split from each other for each quantum event!”.

cynar@lemmy.world on 29 Aug 2024 09:46 collapse

We know how it works, we just don’t yet understand what is going on under the hood.

In short, quantum effects can be very obvious with small systems. The effects generally get averaged out over larger systems. A measurement inherently entangled your small system with a much larger system diluting the effect.

The blind spot is that we don’t know what a quantum state IS. We know the maths behind it, but not the underlying physics model. It’s likely to fall out when we unify quantum mechanics with general relativity, but we’ve been chipping at that for over 70 years now, with limited success.

Zoboomafoo@slrpnk.net on 29 Aug 2024 11:01 next collapse

Sure, but that still means the photons derender when nobody is watching them

Rin@lemm.ee on 29 Aug 2024 11:05 collapse

I mean, how else are you going to optimise an open world simulation this big?

where_am_i@sh.itjust.works on 29 Aug 2024 13:16 collapse

That’s a pretty misleading explanation. You’re not applying any force to the system by observing it.

cynar@lemmy.world on 29 Aug 2024 15:38 collapse

Depends on how you are observing it photons impart energy and momentum. The true, detailed explanation is a lot more convoluted, it’s all wave interactions, in the complex plane. However, digesting that into something a layman can follow is difficult.

The main point I was trying to get across is that there is no such thing as an independent, external measurement. Your measurement systems minimum interaction is no longer negligible. How that is done varies, but it always changes the target and becomes part of the equations.

iAvicenna@lemmy.world on 29 Aug 2024 10:08 next collapse

in a nutshell: punch particles in the face, get surprised they behave differently

[deleted] on 29 Aug 2024 10:52 collapse

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